diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index a06dda4..a2e6810 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -24,3 +24,6 @@ desktop/.tauri-signing.pw
 screenshots/
 *.log
 .DS_Store
+
+# local airspace test data (real data is installed into X-Plane via the launcher)
+airspace-data/
diff --git a/desktop/src-tauri/src/lib.rs b/desktop/src-tauri/src/lib.rs
index 3b4240c..ef8fd94 100644
--- a/desktop/src-tauri/src/lib.rs
+++ b/desktop/src-tauri/src/lib.rs
@@ -119,13 +119,21 @@ async fn start_server(
         .resolve("web", tauri::path::BaseDirectory::Resource)
         .map_err(|e| format!("resource path: {e}"))?;
 
+    // The FlyWithLua companion scripts ship as a bundled resource; tell the
+    // bridge where they live so it can auto-install them into X-Plane.
+    let lua_src = app
+        .path()
+        .resolve("plugins", tauri::path::BaseDirectory::Resource)
+        .map_err(|e| format!("resource path: {e}"))?;
+
     let mut cmd = app
         .shell()
         .sidecar("xpbridge")
         .map_err(|e| format!("sidecar: {e}"))?
         .env("BRIDGE_PORT", port.to_string())
         .env("BRIDGE_HOST", "0.0.0.0")
-        .env("WEB_DIST", web_dist.to_string_lossy().to_string());
+        .env("WEB_DIST", web_dist.to_string_lossy().to_string())
+        .env("LUA_SRC_DIR", lua_src.to_string_lossy().to_string());
 
     if !xplane_path.is_empty() {
         cmd = cmd.env("XPLANE_ROOT", xplane_path);
diff --git a/desktop/src-tauri/tauri.conf.json b/desktop/src-tauri/tauri.conf.json
index 27defc9..434b51a 100644
--- a/desktop/src-tauri/tauri.conf.json
+++ b/desktop/src-tauri/tauri.conf.json
@@ -41,7 +41,8 @@
       "binaries/xpbridge"
     ],
     "resources": {
-      "resources/web": "web"
+      "resources/web": "web",
+      "resources/plugins": "plugins"
     },
     "createUpdaterArtifacts": true,
     "macOS": {
diff --git a/desktop/ui/index.html b/desktop/ui/index.html
index 052d8c6..39acf7c 100644
--- a/desktop/ui/index.html
+++ b/desktop/ui/index.html
@@ -65,6 +65,16 @@
           <div class="diag-row"><span>Navdata</span><b id="dNav">—</b></div>
           <div class="diag-row"><span>Datarefs</span><b id="dRefs">—</b></div>
         </div>
+
+        <details class="asp-wrap">
+          <summary>Lufträume auf der Karte</summary>
+          <div class="asp-body">
+            <p class="asp-note">Wähle Regionen für die Luftraum-Anzeige (Class B/C/D, Restricted, MOA …). USA ist frei; Europa braucht einen kostenlosen <a href="#" id="aspKeyLink">OpenAIP-API-Key</a>.</p>
+            <input id="aspKey" type="password" placeholder="OpenAIP API-Key (für Europa)" spellcheck="false" />
+            <div id="aspRegions" class="asp-list"></div>
+            <div id="aspHint" class="hint"></div>
+          </div>
+        </details>
       </section>
 
       <details class="log-wrap">
diff --git a/desktop/ui/main.js b/desktop/ui/main.js
index d3b5e3a..3b1ee62 100644
--- a/desktop/ui/main.js
+++ b/desktop/ui/main.js
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ const xpPath = $('xpPath'), portEl = $('port'), demoEl = $('demo');
 const startBtn = $('startBtn'), liveCard = $('liveCard'), urlEl = $('url');
 const statusEl = $('status'), statusText = $('statusText'), logEl = $('log');
 
-let running = false, healthTimer = null;
+let running = false, healthTimer = null, serverPort = 0;
 
 function setStatus(kind, text) {
   statusEl.className = 'status ' + kind;
@@ -73,12 +73,14 @@ startBtn.addEventListener('click', async () => {
       demo: demoEl.checked,
     });
     running = true;
+    serverPort = info.port;
     urlEl.textContent = info.url;
     liveCard.classList.remove('hidden');
     startBtn.textContent = 'Server stoppen';
     startBtn.classList.add('stop');
     setStatus('warn', 'Server läuft · warte auf Sim');
     pollHealth(info.port);
+    loadRegions();
   } catch (e) {
     appendLog('Fehler: ' + e);
     setStatus('off', 'Fehler');
@@ -96,6 +98,8 @@ async function stop() {
 
 function resetUi() {
   running = false;
+  serverPort = 0;
+  const ar = $('aspRegions'); if (ar) ar.innerHTML = '';
   liveCard.classList.add('hidden');
   startBtn.textContent = 'Server starten';
   startBtn.classList.remove('stop');
@@ -125,6 +129,53 @@ function pollHealth(port) {
   healthTimer = setInterval(check, 3000);
 }
 
+/* ---------------- airspace regions ---------------- */
+const aspBase = () => `http://127.0.0.1:${serverPort}/api/airspace`;
+
+async function loadRegions() {
+  const wrap = $('aspRegions');
+  if (!wrap || !serverPort) return;
+  try {
+    const r = await fetch(`${aspBase()}/regions`, { cache: 'no-store' });
+    const { regions } = await r.json();
+    wrap.innerHTML = '';
+    for (const reg of regions) {
+      const row = document.createElement('div');
+      row.className = 'asp-row';
+      const installed = reg.installed > 0;
+      row.innerHTML = `
+        <span class="asp-name">${reg.label}${reg.needsKey ? ' <em>· Key</em>' : ''}</span>
+        <span class="asp-count">${installed ? reg.installed + ' Zonen' : '—'}</span>
+        <button class="btn ghost sm" data-region="${reg.id}" data-key="${reg.needsKey ? 1 : 0}">${installed ? 'Aktualisieren' : 'Laden'}</button>`;
+      wrap.appendChild(row);
+    }
+    wrap.querySelectorAll('button[data-region]').forEach((btn) =>
+      btn.addEventListener('click', () => installRegion(btn)));
+  } catch (e) { appendLog('airspace: ' + e); }
+}
+
+async function installRegion(btn) {
+  const region = btn.dataset.region;
+  const needsKey = btn.dataset.key === '1';
+  const apiKey = $('aspKey').value.trim();
+  const hint = $('aspHint');
+  if (needsKey && !apiKey) { hint.textContent = '⚠ OpenAIP-API-Key oben eingeben'; hint.className = 'hint bad'; return; }
+  btn.disabled = true; const was = btn.textContent; btn.textContent = 'Lädt…';
+  hint.textContent = `Lade ${region.toUpperCase()} … (Fortschritt im Server-Log)`; hint.className = 'hint';
+  try {
+    const r = await fetch(`${aspBase()}/install`, {
+      method: 'POST', headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
+      body: JSON.stringify({ region, apiKey: needsKey ? apiKey : undefined }),
+    });
+    const d = await r.json();
+    if (d.ok) { hint.textContent = `✓ ${region.toUpperCase()}: ${d.features} Zonen geladen`; hint.className = 'hint ok'; }
+    else { hint.textContent = '⚠ ' + (d.error || 'Fehler'); hint.className = 'hint bad'; }
+  } catch (e) { hint.textContent = '⚠ ' + e; hint.className = 'hint bad'; }
+  finally { btn.disabled = false; btn.textContent = was; loadRegions(); }
+}
+
+$('aspKeyLink')?.addEventListener('click', (e) => { e.preventDefault(); openUrl('https://www.openaip.net/'); });
+
 $('copy').addEventListener('click', async () => {
   try { await navigator.clipboard.writeText(urlEl.textContent); $('copy').textContent = '✓'; setTimeout(() => ($('copy').textContent = '⧉'), 1200); } catch {}
 });
diff --git a/desktop/ui/styles.css b/desktop/ui/styles.css
index b81d13c..0389642 100644
--- a/desktop/ui/styles.css
+++ b/desktop/ui/styles.css
@@ -87,3 +87,20 @@ input:focus { outline: none; border-color: var(--green); box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px r
 .link:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
 .link:disabled { color: var(--mut); cursor: default; text-decoration: none; }
 .update-badge { display: inline-block; width: 7px; height: 7px; border-radius: 50%; background: var(--green); margin-left: 6px; box-shadow: 0 0 6px var(--green); vertical-align: middle; }
+
+/* airspace region picker (in the live card) */
+.asp-wrap { margin-top: 12px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line-soft); padding-top: 10px; }
+.asp-wrap > summary { cursor: pointer; color: var(--txt2); font-size: 13px; font-weight: 600; list-style: none; }
+.asp-wrap > summary::-webkit-details-marker { display: none; }
+.asp-wrap > summary::before { content: '▸ '; color: var(--mut); }
+.asp-wrap[open] > summary::before { content: '▾ '; }
+.asp-body { margin-top: 10px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 8px; }
+.asp-note { color: var(--mut); font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0; }
+.asp-note a { color: var(--green); }
+#aspKey { width: 100%; }
+.asp-list { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 6px; }
+.asp-row { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr auto auto; align-items: center; gap: 10px;
+  background: var(--bg2); border: 1px solid var(--line-soft); border-radius: 8px; padding: 7px 10px; }
+.asp-name { color: var(--txt2); font-size: 13px; }
+.asp-name em { color: var(--mut); font-style: normal; font-size: 11px; }
+.asp-count { color: var(--mut); font-size: 12px; min-width: 56px; text-align: right; }
diff --git a/plugins/README.md b/plugins/README.md
index fc82a11..47a075f 100644
--- a/plugins/README.md
+++ b/plugins/README.md
@@ -8,15 +8,22 @@ cockpit plan ↔ the in-sim FMS through two files in `Output/fms-sync/`.
 
 1. Install **FlyWithLua NG+** (free): copy its plugin folder into
    `<X-Plane>/Resources/plugins/FlyWithLua/`.
-2. Copy the scripts into `<X-Plane>/Resources/plugins/FlyWithLua/Scripts/`:
+2. Start the bridge (desktop app or `node server/bridge.js`) **on the same PC**
+   as X-Plane. On startup it auto-copies these three scripts into
+   `<X-Plane>/Resources/plugins/FlyWithLua/Scripts/` and keeps them up to date
+   on every launch (it only writes changed/missing files):
    - **`fms-sync.lua`** — flight-plan two-way sync
    - **`ui-sync.lua`** — G1000 UI state (page / range / inset)
    - **`terrain-probe.lua`** — terrain-awareness elevation grid for the MFD
-3. Restart X-Plane (or *FlyWithLua → Reload all Lua script files*).
+3. In X-Plane: *FlyWithLua → Reload all Lua script files* (or restart).
    The log shows `[glass-cockpit] FMS sync active`.
 
-The bridge (desktop app / `node server/bridge.js`) must run on the **same PC**
-as X-Plane, so both see `<X-Plane>/Output/fms-sync/`.
+No manual copying needed. If you install FlyWithLua *after* the bridge is
+already running, trigger a re-install without restarting via
+`POST /api/lua/install`. The current install state is reported under `lua` in
+`GET /api/health`. The bridge must run on the **same PC** as X-Plane so both see
+`<X-Plane>/Output/fms-sync/`. (The auto-install honours `LUA_SRC_DIR` — the
+desktop app sets it to the bundled scripts; otherwise it finds `plugins/` itself.)
 
 ## What you get
 
diff --git a/scripts/prep-desktop.sh b/scripts/prep-desktop.sh
index 86337c0..88b477a 100755
--- a/scripts/prep-desktop.sh
+++ b/scripts/prep-desktop.sh
@@ -15,6 +15,11 @@ rm -rf desktop/src-tauri/resources/web
 mkdir -p desktop/src-tauri/resources/web
 cp -R web/dist/. desktop/src-tauri/resources/web/
 
+echo "==> copying FlyWithLua companion scripts into desktop resources"
+rm -rf desktop/src-tauri/resources/plugins
+mkdir -p desktop/src-tauri/resources/plugins
+cp plugins/*.lua desktop/src-tauri/resources/plugins/
+
 echo "==> compiling bridge sidecars (Bun)"
 mkdir -p desktop/src-tauri/binaries
 bun build --compile --target=bun-darwin-arm64 server/bridge.js \
diff --git a/server/airspace.js b/server/airspace.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..93d6a2f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/server/airspace.js
@@ -0,0 +1,194 @@
+// Airspace overlay data. X-Plane ships no airspace boundaries in its nav data,
+// so we keep them as GeoJSON files the user installs per region (chosen in the
+// desktop launcher). This module:
+//   - resolves the airspace data dir (next to the FMS sync folder, overridable)
+//   - loads every *.geojson there into a flat, bbox-indexed feature list
+//   - answers bbox queries for the moving map (/api/airspace/bbox)
+//   - downloads region datasets on demand (FAA = key-free US; OpenAIP = others,
+//     needs the user's API key) and normalises them to one schema
+//
+// Normalised feature properties: { name, cls, lo, hi } where cls is a coarse
+// class the map colours by: B|C|D|E|TMA|CTR|MOA|RESTRICTED|PROHIBITED|DANGER|OTHER.
+
+import fs from 'node:fs';
+import path from 'node:path';
+import { xplaneRoot } from './navdata.js';
+
+function dataDir() {
+  if (process.env.AIRSPACE_DIR) return process.env.AIRSPACE_DIR;
+  const r = xplaneRoot();
+  return r ? path.join(r, 'Output', 'fms-sync', 'airspace') : path.join(process.cwd(), 'airspace-data');
+}
+
+// flat store: { bbox:[s,w,n,e], geometry, props:{name,cls,lo,hi}, region }
+let store = [];
+let loaded = false;
+
+function featureBbox(geom) {
+  let s = 90, w = 180, n = -90, e = -180;
+  const scan = (co) => {
+    if (typeof co[0] === 'number') { const [x, y] = co; if (y < s) s = y; if (y > n) n = y; if (x < w) w = x; if (x > e) e = x; }
+    else for (const c of co) scan(c);
+  };
+  try { scan(geom.coordinates); } catch { /* ignore */ }
+  return [s, w, n, e];
+}
+
+// Map many source schemas (FAA, OpenAIP, generic) onto one coarse class.
+function classify(p = {}) {
+  const raw = String(
+    p.cls ?? p.CLASS ?? p.class ?? p.Class ?? p.LOCAL_TYPE ?? p.TYPE_CODE ?? p.type ?? ''
+  ).toUpperCase();
+  const name = String(p.name ?? p.NAME ?? p.Name ?? p.IDENT ?? '').toUpperCase();
+  const hay = raw + ' ' + name;
+  if (/PROHIBIT/.test(hay)) return 'PROHIBITED';
+  if (/RESTRICT/.test(hay)) return 'RESTRICTED';
+  if (/\bMOA\b|MILITARY OPERATION/.test(hay)) return 'MOA';
+  if (/DANGER/.test(hay)) return 'DANGER';
+  if (/\bTMA\b/.test(hay)) return 'TMA';
+  if (/\bCTR\b|CONTROL ZONE/.test(hay)) return 'CTR';
+  // OpenAIP icaoClass: 0=A 1=B 2=C 3=D 4=E 5=F 6=G
+  if (p.icaoClass != null) return ['A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G'][p.icaoClass] || 'OTHER';
+  const m = raw.match(/\b([A-G])\b/) || raw.match(/CLASS\s*([A-G])/) || raw.match(/^([A-G])\d?$/);
+  if (m) return m[1];
+  return 'OTHER';
+}
+
+// Pull a readable altitude limit out of whatever fields a source uses.
+function limit(p, kind) {
+  const lo = kind === 'lo'
+    ? (p.lo ?? p.LOWER_VAL ?? p.lowerLimit?.value ?? p.LOWER_DESC ?? p.lower ?? null)
+    : (p.hi ?? p.UPPER_VAL ?? p.upperLimit?.value ?? p.UPPER_DESC ?? p.upper ?? null);
+  return lo == null ? null : (typeof lo === 'object' ? (lo.value ?? null) : lo);
+}
+
+function ingest(fc, region) {
+  const feats = Array.isArray(fc?.features) ? fc.features : [];
+  for (const f of feats) {
+    if (!f?.geometry?.coordinates) continue;
+    const p = f.properties || {};
+    store.push({
+      bbox: featureBbox(f.geometry),
+      geometry: f.geometry,
+      props: { name: p.name ?? p.NAME ?? p.Name ?? '', cls: classify(p), lo: limit(p, 'lo'), hi: limit(p, 'hi') },
+      region,
+    });
+  }
+}
+
+export function loadAirspace(log = console.log) {
+  store = [];
+  const dir = dataDir();
+  let files = [];
+  try { files = fs.readdirSync(dir).filter((f) => f.toLowerCase().endsWith('.geojson')); } catch { /* none yet */ }
+  for (const f of files) {
+    try { ingest(JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync(path.join(dir, f), 'utf8')), f.replace(/\.geojson$/i, '')); }
+    catch (e) { log(`airspace: ${f} parse failed: ${e.message}`); }
+  }
+  loaded = true;
+  if (store.length) log(`airspace: ${store.length} features from ${files.length} file(s) in ${dir}`);
+  return store.length;
+}
+
+// Features whose bbox intersects the query window (linear scan — a few thousand
+// features, queried only on map move; cheap enough). Returns light DTOs.
+export function airspaceBbox(s, w, n, e, limit = 400) {
+  if (!loaded) loadAirspace();
+  const out = [];
+  for (const a of store) {
+    const [as, aw, an, ae] = a.bbox;
+    if (an < s || as > n || ae < w || aw > e) continue;
+    out.push({ name: a.props.name, cls: a.props.cls, lo: a.props.lo, hi: a.props.hi, geometry: a.geometry });
+    if (out.length >= limit) break;
+  }
+  return out;
+}
+
+export function airspaceStatus() {
+  if (!loaded) loadAirspace();
+  const byRegion = {};
+  for (const a of store) byRegion[a.region] = (byRegion[a.region] || 0) + 1;
+  return { dir: dataDir(), features: store.length, regions: byRegion };
+}
+
+// ---- region downloads ------------------------------------------------------
+
+// kind 'faa': paginated ArcGIS FeatureServer → GeoJSON (US, public domain, no key)
+// kind 'openaip': OpenAIP REST by ICAO country code (needs the user's API key)
+export const REGIONS = [
+  { id: 'us', label: 'USA (FAA)', kind: 'faa', needsKey: false,
+    layers: ['https://services6.arcgis.com/ssFJjBXIUyZDrSYZ/arcgis/rest/services/Class_Airspace/FeatureServer/0'] },
+  { id: 'ch', label: 'Schweiz', kind: 'openaip', country: 'CH', needsKey: true },
+  { id: 'at', label: 'Österreich', kind: 'openaip', country: 'AT', needsKey: true },
+  { id: 'de', label: 'Deutschland', kind: 'openaip', country: 'DE', needsKey: true },
+  { id: 'fr', label: 'Frankreich', kind: 'openaip', country: 'FR', needsKey: true },
+  { id: 'it', label: 'Italien', kind: 'openaip', country: 'IT', needsKey: true },
+  { id: 'gb', label: 'Großbritannien', kind: 'openaip', country: 'GB', needsKey: true },
+];
+
+async function fetchFaa(layerUrl, log) {
+  const feats = [];
+  let offset = 0;
+  for (let page = 0; page < 80; page++) { // safety cap
+    const url = `${layerUrl}/query?where=1%3D1&outFields=*&returnGeometry=true&outSR=4326&f=geojson&resultRecordCount=1000&resultOffset=${offset}`;
+    const res = await fetch(url);
+    if (!res.ok) throw new Error(`FAA HTTP ${res.status}`);
+    const fc = await res.json();
+    const got = fc.features?.length || 0;
+    feats.push(...(fc.features || []));
+    log(`airspace: FAA page ${page + 1} (+${got}, total ${feats.length})`);
+    if (got < 1000 && !fc.properties?.exceededTransferLimit) break;
+    offset += 1000;
+  }
+  return { type: 'FeatureCollection', features: feats };
+}
+
+async function fetchOpenAip(country, apiKey, log) {
+  const feats = [];
+  let pageNum = 1;
+  for (; pageNum <= 50; pageNum++) {
+    const url = `https://api.core.openaip.net/api/airspaces?country=${country}&limit=1000&page=${pageNum}`;
+    const res = await fetch(url, { headers: { 'x-openaip-api-key': apiKey } });
+    if (!res.ok) throw new Error(`OpenAIP HTTP ${res.status} (API-Key prüfen)`);
+    const body = await res.json();
+    const items = body.items || [];
+    for (const a of items) {
+      if (!a.geometry) continue;
+      feats.push({ type: 'Feature', geometry: a.geometry, properties: { name: a.name, icaoClass: a.icaoClass, type: a.type, lower: a.lowerLimit, upper: a.upperLimit } });
+    }
+    log(`airspace: OpenAIP ${country} page ${pageNum} (+${items.length}, total ${feats.length})`);
+    if (items.length < 1000 || pageNum >= (body.totalPages || 1)) break;
+  }
+  return { type: 'FeatureCollection', features: feats };
+}
+
+export async function installRegion(id, { apiKey, log = console.log } = {}) {
+  const region = REGIONS.find((r) => r.id === id);
+  if (!region) return { ok: false, error: `unknown region: ${id}` };
+  if (region.needsKey && !apiKey) return { ok: false, error: 'OpenAIP API-Key erforderlich' };
+  try {
+    let fc;
+    if (region.kind === 'faa') {
+      fc = { type: 'FeatureCollection', features: [] };
+      for (const layer of region.layers) {
+        const part = await fetchFaa(layer, log);
+        fc.features.push(...part.features);
+      }
+    } else {
+      fc = await fetchOpenAip(region.country, apiKey, log);
+    }
+    const dir = dataDir();
+    fs.mkdirSync(dir, { recursive: true });
+    const file = path.join(dir, `${id}.geojson`);
+    fs.writeFileSync(file, JSON.stringify(fc));
+    loadAirspace(log); // reload index so the new data is live immediately
+    return { ok: true, id, features: fc.features.length, file };
+  } catch (e) {
+    return { ok: false, error: e.message };
+  }
+}
+
+export function regionList() {
+  const st = airspaceStatus();
+  return REGIONS.map((r) => ({ id: r.id, label: r.label, needsKey: r.needsKey, installed: (st.regions[r.id] || 0) }));
+}
diff --git a/server/bridge.js b/server/bridge.js
index ec74d67..1855740 100644
--- a/server/bridge.js
+++ b/server/bridge.js
@@ -11,10 +11,12 @@ import http from 'node:http';
 import path from 'node:path';
 import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url';
 import { CONFIG, DATAREFS, WRITABLE_DATAREFS, COMMANDS } from './config.js';
-import { loadNavData, search as navSearch, navStatus, nearest as navNearest, bbox as navBbox, runwaysNear as navRunways, airwaysBbox as navAirways } from './navdata.js';
+import { loadNavData, search as navSearch, navStatus, nearest as navNearest, bbox as navBbox, runwaysNear as navRunways, airwaysBbox as navAirways, xplaneRoot } from './navdata.js';
 import { parseProcedures, procedureLegs as procLegs } from './procedures.js';
 import * as fp from './flightplan.js';
 import { pushToSim, startFmsSync, startTerrainSync } from './fmssync.js';
+import { installLuaScripts } from './luainstall.js';
+import { loadAirspace, airspaceBbox, airspaceStatus, regionList, installRegion } from './airspace.js';
 
 const __dirname = path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url));
 // WEB_DIST can be overridden (e.g. the desktop app points it at the cockpit
@@ -34,6 +36,7 @@ const state = {
   cmdNameToId: new Map(),     // sim/... -> id
   xpSocket: null,
   reqId: 1,
+  lua: null,                  // last FlyWithLua-install report (see luainstall.js)
 };
 
 const clients = new Set(); // connected browser sockets
@@ -211,8 +214,14 @@ const app = express();
 // by design, so a wildcard here is harmless and keeps tablets/the app simple.
 app.use('/api', (_req, res, next) => { res.set('Access-Control-Allow-Origin', '*'); next(); });
 app.get('/api/health', (_req, res) =>
-  res.json({ xpConnected: state.xpConnected, datarefs: state.drefIdToAlias.size, clients: clients.size, nav: navStatus() })
+  res.json({ xpConnected: state.xpConnected, datarefs: state.drefIdToAlias.size, clients: clients.size, nav: navStatus(), lua: state.lua })
 );
+// Re-run the FlyWithLua companion install on demand (e.g. after installing
+// FlyWithLua, or to push a freshly edited script without restarting the bridge).
+app.post('/api/lua/install', (_req, res) => {
+  state.lua = installLuaScripts(xplaneRoot(), log);
+  res.json(state.lua);
+});
 // Waypoint / navaid / airport search from X-Plane's own nav database.
 app.get('/api/nav/search', (req, res) => res.json(navSearch(req.query.q || '', 25)));
 // NEAREST airports/navaids to a point (NRST page).
@@ -228,6 +237,19 @@ app.get('/api/nav/bbox', (req, res) =>
 app.get('/api/nav/airways', (req, res) =>
   res.json(navAirways(+req.query.s, +req.query.w, +req.query.n, +req.query.e, +req.query.limit || 500))
 );
+// Airspace polygons inside a map window — for the MFD AIRSPACE overlay. Data
+// comes from region GeoJSON files the user installs via the launcher (X-Plane
+// ships none). See server/airspace.js.
+app.get('/api/airspace/bbox', (req, res) =>
+  res.json(airspaceBbox(+req.query.s, +req.query.w, +req.query.n, +req.query.e, +req.query.limit || 400))
+);
+// Available airspace regions + how many features of each are installed.
+app.get('/api/airspace/regions', (_req, res) => res.json({ regions: regionList(), status: airspaceStatus() }));
+// Download + install a region's airspace (FAA US is key-free; OpenAIP needs key).
+app.post('/api/airspace/install', express.json(), async (req, res) => {
+  const r = await installRegion(req.body?.region, { apiKey: req.body?.apiKey, log });
+  res.json(r);
+});
 // Runways near a point — drawn in the PFD synthetic-vision view.
 app.get('/api/nav/runways', (req, res) =>
   res.json(navRunways(+req.query.lat, +req.query.lon, +req.query.radius || 12))
@@ -342,7 +364,11 @@ function startDemo() {
 server.listen(CONFIG.bridgePort, CONFIG.bridgeHost, () => {
   log(`Bridge UI:  http://${CONFIG.bridgeHost}:${CONFIG.bridgePort}`);
   log(`On tablets: http://<this-PC-LAN-IP>:${CONFIG.bridgePort}`);
-  loadNavData(); // async; FMS resolves idents once ready
+  loadNavData(); // async; FMS resolves idents once ready (sets root synchronously)
+  // Drop the FlyWithLua companion scripts into the sim so the user never copies
+  // files by hand; keeps the installed copies up to date on every start.
+  state.lua = installLuaScripts(xplaneRoot(), log);
+  loadAirspace(log); // installed region GeoJSON → /api/airspace/bbox overlay
   // FMS two-way sync (Sim → App): adopt plans built/edited in the real G1000
   startFmsSync({
     getPlan: () => fp.getPlan(),
diff --git a/server/luainstall.js b/server/luainstall.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5788274
--- /dev/null
+++ b/server/luainstall.js
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+// Auto-installs the FlyWithLua companion scripts into X-Plane on bridge start.
+//
+// The web cockpit needs three .lua helpers running INSIDE X-Plane (they have the
+// FMS / scenery SDK the Web API lacks — see plugins/*.lua). Rather than make the
+// user copy files by hand, the bridge drops them into the sim's FlyWithLua
+// Scripts folder on startup and keeps them up to date (content-compare, so a new
+// build self-updates the installed copy; unchanged files are left alone).
+//
+// Everything degrades gracefully: no X-Plane found, no FlyWithLua installed, or
+// the script sources missing → we log a hint and carry on. We never create the
+// FlyWithLua folder ourselves (its absence means the user must install
+// FlyWithLua NG+ first; making an empty folder would only hide that).
+
+import fs from 'node:fs';
+import path from 'node:path';
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url';
+
+const __dirname = path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url));
+
+// The companion scripts to install, in load-independent order.
+const SCRIPTS = ['fms-sync.lua', 'ui-sync.lua', 'terrain-probe.lua'];
+
+// Where do the canonical .lua sources live? plugins/ sits next to server/ in the
+// repo; in the packaged desktop app it's bundled as a Tauri resource. Probe a
+// few locations so both `node server/bridge.js` and the compiled sidecar work.
+function sourceDir() {
+  const candidates = [
+    process.env.LUA_SRC_DIR,
+    path.join(__dirname, '..', 'plugins'),          // repo: server/ -> ../plugins
+    path.join(process.cwd(), 'plugins'),            // run from repo root
+    path.join(path.dirname(process.execPath), 'plugins'),
+    path.join(path.dirname(process.execPath), '..', 'Resources', 'plugins'),
+  ].filter(Boolean);
+  for (const dir of candidates) {
+    try {
+      if (fs.existsSync(path.join(dir, SCRIPTS[0]))) return dir;
+    } catch { /* ignore */ }
+  }
+  return null;
+}
+
+// Install / update the scripts under <root>. Returns a report object; never throws.
+export function installLuaScripts(root, log = console.log) {
+  if (!root) {
+    return { ok: false, reason: 'no-xplane', installed: [], updated: [], unchanged: [] };
+  }
+  const fwl = path.join(root, 'Resources', 'plugins', 'FlyWithLua');
+  if (!fs.existsSync(fwl)) {
+    log('lua-install: FlyWithLua not found — install FlyWithLua NG+ into ' +
+        `${path.join(root, 'Resources', 'plugins')} to enable FMS/terrain sync`);
+    return { ok: false, reason: 'no-flywithlua', installed: [], updated: [], unchanged: [] };
+  }
+  const src = sourceDir();
+  if (!src) {
+    log('lua-install: companion script sources not found (set LUA_SRC_DIR)');
+    return { ok: false, reason: 'no-source', installed: [], updated: [], unchanged: [] };
+  }
+
+  const dest = path.join(fwl, 'Scripts');
+  const report = { ok: true, reason: 'ok', dir: dest, installed: [], updated: [], unchanged: [], failed: [] };
+  try { fs.mkdirSync(dest, { recursive: true }); } catch { /* ignore */ }
+
+  for (const name of SCRIPTS) {
+    const from = path.join(src, name);
+    const to = path.join(dest, name);
+    try {
+      if (!fs.existsSync(from)) { report.failed.push(name); continue; }
+      const want = fs.readFileSync(from, 'utf8');
+      const have = fs.existsSync(to) ? fs.readFileSync(to, 'utf8') : null;
+      if (have === null) { fs.writeFileSync(to, want); report.installed.push(name); }
+      else if (have !== want) { fs.writeFileSync(to, want); report.updated.push(name); }
+      else { report.unchanged.push(name); }
+    } catch (e) {
+      report.failed.push(name);
+      log(`lua-install: ${name} failed: ${e.message}`);
+    }
+  }
+
+  const parts = [];
+  if (report.installed.length) parts.push(`installed ${report.installed.join(', ')}`);
+  if (report.updated.length) parts.push(`updated ${report.updated.join(', ')}`);
+  if (report.unchanged.length) parts.push(`${report.unchanged.length} up to date`);
+  log(`lua-install: ${parts.join('; ') || 'nothing to do'} → ${dest}`);
+  if (report.installed.length || report.updated.length) {
+    log('lua-install: reload in X-Plane — "FlyWithLua > Reload all Lua script files" (or restart)');
+  }
+  return report;
+}
diff --git a/web/src/api/ease.js b/web/src/api/ease.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7ef3200
--- /dev/null
+++ b/web/src/api/ease.js
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+import { useState, useRef, useEffect } from 'react';
+
+// Frame-rate-independent easing of a scalar toward a moving target (alpha from
+// dt + a time constant). The rAF loop runs continuously so the value keeps
+// gliding between the bridge's discrete value updates — turning a stuttery
+// ~10–20 Hz stream into a smooth 60 fps motion. To avoid needless React work it
+// only re-renders the consumer while the value is actually moving: once settled,
+// the functional setState returns the same number and React bails (Object.is).
+export function useEased(target, tau = 0.08) {
+  const [, force] = useState(0);
+  const cur = useRef(target), tg = useRef(target);
+  tg.current = target;
+  useEffect(() => {
+    let raf, last = 0;
+    const loop = (now) => {
+      const dt = last ? Math.min(0.05, (now - last) / 1000) : 0.016; last = now;
+      const k = 1 - Math.exp(-dt / tau);
+      const next = cur.current + (tg.current - cur.current) * k;
+      const settled = Math.abs(tg.current - next) < 0.02;
+      const val = settled ? tg.current : next;
+      if (val !== cur.current) { cur.current = val; force((n) => (n + 1) & 0xffff); }
+      raf = requestAnimationFrame(loop);
+    };
+    raf = requestAnimationFrame(loop);
+    return () => cancelAnimationFrame(raf);
+  }, [tau]);
+  return cur.current;
+}
+
+// As above but eases along the shortest arc across the 0↔360 wrap (headings).
+export function useEasedAngle(target, tau = 0.08) {
+  const [, force] = useState(0);
+  const cur = useRef(target), tg = useRef(target);
+  tg.current = target;
+  useEffect(() => {
+    let raf, last = 0;
+    const loop = (now) => {
+      const dt = last ? Math.min(0.05, (now - last) / 1000) : 0.016; last = now;
+      const k = 1 - Math.exp(-dt / tau);
+      const d = ((tg.current - cur.current + 540) % 360) - 180; // shortest signed arc
+      const next = Math.abs(d) < 0.05 ? tg.current : cur.current + d * k;
+      const val = ((next % 360) + 360) % 360;
+      if (val !== cur.current) { cur.current = val; force((n) => (n + 1) & 0xffff); }
+      raf = requestAnimationFrame(loop);
+    };
+    raf = requestAnimationFrame(loop);
+    return () => cancelAnimationFrame(raf);
+  }, [tau]);
+  return cur.current;
+}
diff --git a/web/src/components/Bezel.jsx b/web/src/components/Bezel.jsx
index 5a9a95f..5fef2ac 100644
--- a/web/src/components/Bezel.jsx
+++ b/web/src/components/Bezel.jsx
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ const PFD_MENU = {
 // extra layer in an otherwise-empty slot.)
 const MFD_MENU = {
   root:   ['ENGINE', 'MAP', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', 'DCLTR', '', ''],
-  mapopt: ['TRAFFIC', 'PROFILE', 'TOPO', 'TERRAIN', 'AIRWAYS', '', 'NEXRAD', 'OSM', '', '', 'BACK', ''],
+  mapopt: ['TRAFFIC', 'PROFILE', 'TOPO', 'TERRAIN', 'AIRWAYS', 'AIRSPACE', 'NEXRAD', 'OSM', '', '', 'BACK', ''],
   engine: ['DEC FUEL', 'INC FUEL', 'RST FUEL', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', 'BACK', ''],
 };
 
@@ -74,6 +74,7 @@ export default function Bezel({ variant = 'pfd', xp, svt3d, onToggleSvt, inset,
       else if (label === 'OSM') setBase('osm');
       else if (label === 'DCLTR') cycleDcltr(onMapMode);
       else if (label === 'AIRWAYS') onMapMode && onMapMode((m) => ({ ...m, airways: !m.airways }));
+      else if (label === 'AIRSPACE') onMapMode && onMapMode((m) => ({ ...m, airspace: !m.airspace }));
     } else {
       if (label === 'PFD') setPage('pfd');
       else if (label === 'BACK') setPage({ xpdrcode: 'xpdr', altunit: 'pfd' }[page] || 'root');
@@ -109,7 +110,8 @@ export default function Bezel({ variant = 'pfd', xp, svt3d, onToggleSvt, inset,
   const isOn = (label) => {
     if (variant === 'mfd') return (label === 'TOPO' && mapMode?.base === 'topo')
       || (label === 'TERRAIN' && mapMode?.terrain) || (label === 'OSM' && mapMode?.base === 'osm')
-      || (label === 'DCLTR' && mapMode?.dcltr > 0) || (label === 'AIRWAYS' && mapMode?.airways);
+      || (label === 'DCLTR' && mapMode?.dcltr > 0) || (label === 'AIRWAYS' && mapMode?.airways)
+      || (label === 'AIRSPACE' && mapMode?.airspace);
     return (label === 'SYN TERR' && svt3d) || (label === 'INSET' && inset) || (label === 'NRST' && nrst) || (label === 'TMR/REF' && tmr)
       || (label === 'DME' && dme) || (label === 'OBS' && obs) || (label === 'CAUTION' && (alerts || hasAlerts))
       || (label === 'STBY' && xpdrMode === 1) || (label === 'ON' && xpdrMode === 2) || (label === 'ALT' && xpdrMode === 3)
diff --git a/web/src/components/MapView.jsx b/web/src/components/MapView.jsx
index ad50acf..cf07afb 100644
--- a/web/src/components/MapView.jsx
+++ b/web/src/components/MapView.jsx
@@ -57,6 +57,22 @@ const TILES = {
   dark:    null,
 };
 
+// G1000 / aeronautical-chart airspace styling, keyed by our coarse class. B/C/D
+// follow chart convention (B solid blue, C solid magenta, D dashed blue);
+// special-use areas use warm hues. Class A/E are omitted (they blanket huge
+// areas and only clutter the moving map).
+const ASP_STYLE = {
+  B: { color: '#2f7bff', weight: 1.8, dashArray: null },
+  C: { color: '#e23bd0', weight: 1.7, dashArray: null },
+  D: { color: '#4aa3ff', weight: 1.4, dashArray: '5 4' },
+  TMA: { color: '#2f7bff', weight: 1.3, dashArray: null },
+  CTR: { color: '#4aa3ff', weight: 1.4, dashArray: '5 4' },
+  MOA: { color: '#ff8a3b', weight: 1.4, dashArray: '7 4' },
+  RESTRICTED: { color: '#ff5a4a', weight: 1.5, dashArray: '7 4' },
+  PROHIBITED: { color: '#ff3636', weight: 2, dashArray: null },
+  DANGER: { color: '#ff5a4a', weight: 1.4, dashArray: '7 4' },
+};
+
 export default function MapView({ values, flightPlan, fp, inset = false, hud = true, mapMode, dcltr = 0, onView, rangeNm, terrain, rose = false }) {
   const elRef = useRef(null);
   const mapRef = useRef(null);
@@ -69,8 +85,12 @@ export default function MapView({ values, flightPlan, fp, inset = false, hud = t
   const awyLayerRef = useRef(null);
   const awyOnRef = useRef(false);
   const refreshAirwaysRef = useRef(null);
+  const aspLayerRef = useRef(null);
+  const aspOnRef = useRef(false);
+  const refreshAirspaceRef = useRef(null);
   const baseRef = useRef(null);
   const terrRef = useRef(null);
+  const zoomingRef = useRef(false);
   const [follow, setFollow] = useState(true);
   const followRef = useRef(true);
   followRef.current = follow;
@@ -81,6 +101,8 @@ export default function MapView({ values, flightPlan, fp, inset = false, hud = t
   const gs = num(values.groundspeed) * 1.94384; // m/s -> kt
   const base = mapMode?.base || 'topo';
   const airways = !!mapMode?.airways;
+  const airspace = !!mapMode?.airspace;
+  aspOnRef.current = airspace;
   const dcltrRef = useRef(dcltr);
   dcltrRef.current = dcltr;
   awyOnRef.current = airways;
@@ -113,7 +135,8 @@ export default function MapView({ values, flightPlan, fp, inset = false, hud = t
     map.getPane('terrain').style.zIndex = 250;
     map.getPane('terrain').style.pointerEvents = 'none';
 
-    awyLayerRef.current = L.layerGroup().addTo(map);      // airways (under everything else)
+    aspLayerRef.current = L.layerGroup().addTo(map);      // airspace polygons (bottom overlay)
+    awyLayerRef.current = L.layerGroup().addTo(map);      // airways
     navLayerRef.current = L.layerGroup().addTo(map);      // real airports/navaids/fixes
     routeRef.current = L.layerGroup().addTo(map);         // flight-plan legs (white + magenta active)
     wpLayerRef.current = L.layerGroup().addTo(map);
@@ -146,6 +169,31 @@ export default function MapView({ values, flightPlan, fp, inset = false, hud = t
     };
     refreshAirwaysRef.current = refreshAirways;
 
+    // AIRSPACE overlay (Class B/C/D + special-use from installed region GeoJSON;
+    // see server/airspace.js). Boundaries are coloured by class with a faint
+    // fill; non-interactive so map-clicks still drop waypoints.
+    const refreshAirspace = async () => {
+      const layer = aspLayerRef.current;
+      if (!layer) return;
+      if (!aspOnRef.current || map.getZoom() < 6) { layer.clearLayers(); return; }
+      const b = map.getBounds();
+      try {
+        const res = await fetch(`/api/airspace/bbox?s=${b.getSouth()}&w=${b.getWest()}&n=${b.getNorth()}&e=${b.getEast()}&limit=400`);
+        if (!res.ok) return;
+        const feats = await res.json();
+        layer.clearLayers();
+        for (const f of feats) {
+          const st = ASP_STYLE[f.cls];
+          if (!st) continue; // skip A/E/OTHER — too broad to be useful
+          L.geoJSON(f.geometry, {
+            interactive: false,
+            style: { color: st.color, weight: st.weight, opacity: 0.85, dashArray: st.dashArray, fill: true, fillColor: st.color, fillOpacity: 0.05 },
+          }).addTo(layer);
+        }
+      } catch { /* offline */ }
+    };
+    refreshAirspaceRef.current = refreshAirspace;
+
     // Pull X-Plane's own nav data for the current view and draw it as G1000-style
     // vector symbology (cyan airports, green VOR hexagons, NDB dot-rings, fixes).
     const refreshNav = async () => {
@@ -170,9 +218,10 @@ export default function MapView({ values, flightPlan, fp, inset = false, hud = t
         for (const f of feats) navSymbol(f, labels).addTo(layer);
       } catch { /* aborted or offline — leave as is */ }
     };
-    map.on('moveend', () => { refreshNav(); refreshAirways(); reportView(map); });
-    map.on('zoomend', () => reportView(map));
-    setTimeout(() => { refreshNav(); refreshAirways(); reportView(map); }, 300);
+    map.on('moveend', () => { refreshNav(); refreshAirways(); refreshAirspace(); reportView(map); });
+    map.on('zoomstart', () => { zoomingRef.current = true; });
+    map.on('zoomend', () => { zoomingRef.current = false; reportView(map); });
+    setTimeout(() => { refreshNav(); refreshAirways(); refreshAirspace(); reportView(map); }, 300);
 
     // compass rose anchored to the aircraft (north-up) — tracks the ownship
     if (rose) {
@@ -202,6 +251,8 @@ export default function MapView({ values, flightPlan, fp, inset = false, hud = t
 
   // redraw airways when the AIRWAYS toggle changes
   useEffect(() => { refreshAirwaysRef.current && refreshAirwaysRef.current(); }, [airways]); // eslint-disable-line
+  // redraw airspace when the AIRSPACE toggle changes
+  useEffect(() => { refreshAirspaceRef.current && refreshAirspaceRef.current(); }, [airspace]); // eslint-disable-line
 
   // TERRAIN AWARENESS overlay: colour the elevation grid (from the FlyWithLua
   // terrain probe) relative to aircraft altitude — red within 100 ft below/above,
@@ -260,16 +311,39 @@ export default function MapView({ values, flightPlan, fp, inset = false, hud = t
     else map.fire('moveend'); // triggers refreshNav to redraw symbols
   }, [dcltr]); // eslint-disable-line
 
-  // update aircraft position + heading
+  // Smooth ownship motion. The sim streams position/heading at ~10 Hz; setting
+  // the marker straight from that (and firing an animated panTo on every update)
+  // makes the aircraft vibrate and the animations fight each other. Instead we
+  // hold the latest values as a target and ease toward it in a single rAF loop,
+  // applying the result imperatively (no React re-render per frame) — so the
+  // aircraft glides at 60 fps and the map follows without jitter.
+  const tgtRef = useRef({ lat, lon, track });
+  const curRef = useRef({ lat, lon, track });
+  tgtRef.current = { lat, lon, track };
   useEffect(() => {
-    const ac = acRef.current, map = mapRef.current;
-    if (!ac || !map) return;
-    ac.setLatLng([lat, lon]);
-    roseRef.current?.setLatLng([lat, lon]);
-    const el = ac.getElement()?.querySelector('svg');
-    if (el) el.style.transform = `rotate(${track}deg)`;
-    if (followRef.current) map.panTo([lat, lon], { animate: true, duration: 0.5 });
-  }, [lat, lon, track]);
+    let raf, last = 0;
+    const loop = (now) => {
+      const dt = last ? Math.min(0.05, (now - last) / 1000) : 0.016; last = now;
+      const kp = 1 - Math.exp(-dt / 0.22);   // position time-constant (gentle)
+      const kt = 1 - Math.exp(-dt / 0.14);   // heading time-constant
+      const c = curRef.current, t = tgtRef.current;
+      c.lat += (t.lat - c.lat) * kp;
+      c.lon += (t.lon - c.lon) * kp;
+      const d = ((t.track - c.track + 540) % 360) - 180; // shortest arc
+      c.track += d * kt;
+      const ac = acRef.current, map = mapRef.current;
+      if (ac && map) {
+        ac.setLatLng([c.lat, c.lon]);
+        roseRef.current?.setLatLng([c.lat, c.lon]);
+        const el = ac.getElement()?.querySelector('svg');
+        if (el) el.style.transform = `rotate(${((c.track % 360) + 360) % 360}deg)`;
+        if (followRef.current && !zoomingRef.current) map.panTo([c.lat, c.lon], { animate: false });
+      }
+      raf = requestAnimationFrame(loop);
+    };
+    raf = requestAnimationFrame(loop);
+    return () => cancelAnimationFrame(raf);
+  }, []); // eslint-disable-line
 
   // redraw route + waypoints when the plan changes. Like the real G1000, the
   // active leg (to waypoint `activeLeg`) is magenta; all other legs are white.
diff --git a/web/src/components/PFD.jsx b/web/src/components/PFD.jsx
index 85a3511..fb4ac66 100644
--- a/web/src/components/PFD.jsx
+++ b/web/src/components/PFD.jsx
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import React, { useRef, useState, useEffect, useLayoutEffect, Suspense, lazy } from 'react';
 import { num, systemAlerts } from '../api/useXplane.js';
+import { useEased, useEasedAngle } from '../api/ease.js';
 import MapView from './MapView.jsx';
 import Nearest from './Nearest.jsx';
 import TimerRef from './TimerRef.jsx';
@@ -99,50 +100,6 @@ const SVT_BOX = { x: 0, y: 74, w: W, h: H - 74 };
 // The INSET moving map sits in the bottom-left corner (toggled by INSET softkey).
 const INSET_BOX = { x: 6, y: 556, w: 300, h: 172 };
 
-// Frame-rate-independent easing of a scalar toward a moving target (alpha from
-// dt + a time constant). Re-renders the consumer only while it's moving —
-// setState bails out when the value has settled. Used to glide the speed/alt
-// tapes and the heading rose, just like the imperative attitude smoothing.
-function useEased(target, tau = 0.08) {
-  const [v, setV] = useState(target);
-  const cur = useRef(target), tg = useRef(target);
-  tg.current = target;
-  useEffect(() => {
-    let raf, last = 0;
-    const loop = (now) => {
-      const dt = last ? Math.min(0.05, (now - last) / 1000) : 0.016; last = now;
-      const k = 1 - Math.exp(-dt / tau);
-      const next = cur.current + (tg.current - cur.current) * k;
-      cur.current = Math.abs(tg.current - next) < 0.02 ? tg.current : next;
-      setV(cur.current);
-      raf = requestAnimationFrame(loop);
-    };
-    raf = requestAnimationFrame(loop);
-    return () => cancelAnimationFrame(raf);
-  }, [tau]);
-  return v;
-}
-// As above but eases along the shortest arc across the 0↔360 wrap (headings).
-function useEasedAngle(target, tau = 0.08) {
-  const [v, setV] = useState(target);
-  const cur = useRef(target), tg = useRef(target);
-  tg.current = target;
-  useEffect(() => {
-    let raf, last = 0;
-    const loop = (now) => {
-      const dt = last ? Math.min(0.05, (now - last) / 1000) : 0.016; last = now;
-      const k = 1 - Math.exp(-dt / tau);
-      const d = ((tg.current - cur.current + 540) % 360) - 180; // shortest signed arc
-      cur.current = Math.abs(d) < 0.05 ? tg.current : cur.current + d * k;
-      setV(((cur.current % 360) + 360) % 360);
-      raf = requestAnimationFrame(loop);
-    };
-    raf = requestAnimationFrame(loop);
-    return () => cancelAnimationFrame(raf);
-  }, [tau]);
-  return v;
-}
-
 export default function PFD({ values: V, command, connected = true, svt = true, inset = false, insetMode, nrst = false, onCloseNrst, tmr = false, onCloseTmr, dme = false, onCloseDme, alerts = false, onCloseAlerts, baroHpa = false, obs = false, minimums, onMinimums, flightPlan, fp }) {
   const wrapRef = useRef(null);
   const svgRef = useRef(null);
diff --git a/web/src/components/VFR.jsx b/web/src/components/VFR.jsx
index 8187aef..8cb001b 100644
--- a/web/src/components/VFR.jsx
+++ b/web/src/components/VFR.jsx
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import React from 'react';
 import { num } from '../api/useXplane.js';
+import { useEased, useEasedAngle } from '../api/ease.js';
 import KAP140 from './KAP140.jsx';
 
 // Classic analog "six-pack" VFR panel: airspeed, attitude, altimeter, turn
@@ -55,7 +56,7 @@ function ticks(min, max, a0, a1, step, big = 1, r = 84, lab) {
 
 /* ---------- Airspeed ---------- */
 function ASI({ V }) {
-  const kt = num(V.airspeed);
+  const kt = useEased(num(V.airspeed));
   const A0 = -150, A1 = 150, MIN = 0, MAX = 200;
   const ang = A0 + (clamp(kt, MIN, MAX) - MIN) / (MAX - MIN) * (A1 - A0);
   const arc = (lo, hi, color, rr, wdt) => {
@@ -80,7 +81,7 @@ function ASI({ V }) {
 
 /* ---------- Attitude ---------- */
 function AI({ V }) {
-  const pitch = num(V.pitch), roll = num(V.roll);
+  const pitch = useEased(num(V.pitch)), roll = useEased(num(V.roll));
   const PPD = 2.0; // px per degree pitch
   const off = clamp(pitch, -25, 25) * PPD;
   return (
@@ -118,7 +119,7 @@ function AI({ V }) {
 
 /* ---------- Altimeter (3-pointer) ---------- */
 function ALT({ V }) {
-  const alt = num(V.altitude), baro = num(V.baro, 29.92);
+  const alt = useEased(num(V.altitude)), baro = num(V.baro, 29.92);
   const a100 = (alt % 1000) / 1000 * 360;
   const a1000 = (alt % 10000) / 10000 * 360;
   const a10000 = (alt % 100000) / 100000 * 360;
@@ -141,7 +142,7 @@ function ALT({ V }) {
 
 /* ---------- Turn coordinator ---------- */
 function TC({ V }) {
-  const roll = num(V.roll), slip = num(V.slip);
+  const roll = useEased(num(V.roll)), slip = useEased(num(V.slip));
   const bank = clamp(roll, -30, 30); // little-plane bank (approx turn rate)
   const ballX = 100 + clamp(slip, -8, 8) * 3.0;
   return (
@@ -167,7 +168,7 @@ function TC({ V }) {
 
 /* ---------- Heading indicator ---------- */
 function HI({ V }) {
-  const hdg = ((num(V.heading) % 360) + 360) % 360;
+  const hdg = useEasedAngle(((num(V.heading) % 360) + 360) % 360);
   const card = [];
   for (let d = 0; d < 360; d += 5) {
     const big = d % 30 === 0;
@@ -193,7 +194,7 @@ function HI({ V }) {
 
 /* ---------- Vertical speed ---------- */
 function VSI({ V }) {
-  const vs = clamp(num(V.vspeed), -2000, 2000);
+  const vs = clamp(useEased(num(V.vspeed), 0.12), -2000, 2000);
   // 0 at 9 o'clock (270°), climb sweeps up (toward 0/up), descent down.
   const ang = 270 + (vs / 2000) * 160; // -2000→110°, 0→270°, +2000→430°(=70°)
   return (
@@ -233,7 +234,8 @@ function Dual({ title, l, r }) {
     const [x2, y2] = sp(60, 60, 46, sg(hi, min, max, a0, a1));
     return <path d={`M${x1} ${y1} A46 46 0 0 1 ${x2} ${y2}`} fill="none" stroke={color} strokeWidth="3" />;
   };
-  const La = sg(l.value, l.min, l.max, -150, -20), Ra = sg(r.value, r.min, r.max, 20, 150);
+  const lv = useEased(l.value, 0.18), rv = useEased(r.value, 0.18);
+  const La = sg(lv, l.min, l.max, -150, -20), Ra = sg(rv, r.min, r.max, 20, 150);
   return (
     <SmallBezel title={title}>
       {l.green && band(l.green[0], l.green[1], l.min, l.max, -150, -20, '#21d04a')}
@@ -249,7 +251,7 @@ function Dual({ title, l, r }) {
 
 /* ---------- tachometer ---------- */
 function Tach({ V }) {
-  const rpm = arr0(V.engRpm);
+  const rpm = useEased(arr0(V.engRpm));
   const A0 = -150, A1 = 150;
   const ang = A0 + clamp(rpm, 0, 3500) / 3500 * (A1 - A0);
   return (